Digital Omnibus: Is the EU Moving Toward a More Flexible GDPR?
On 19 November 2025, the European Commission presented the Digital Omnibus, a draft regulation intended to adjust and modernize several mechanisms of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), adopted in 2016.Its stated goal: simplify, clarify, and adapt the legal framework to today’s digital ecosystem, particularly to artificial intelligence (AI).Below is a summary of the proposed […]
Selling an Unprofitable Subsidiary: How Far Does the Parent Company’s Liability Go?
Executives facing the sale of a struggling subsidiary know this concern all too well:👉 What happens if the buyer fails?👉 Could I be blamed for selling too quickly or to someone who lacked the capacity to turn the business around? These questions arise frequently in corporate groups large or small when a divestment becomes inevitable.And […]
Amazon vs. Perplexity: Have AI agents just crossed the e-commerce red line?
I mentioned it in a previous post 👉 https://exadvize.com/ai-in-e-commerce-when-it-chooses-for-us-who-bears-the-responsibility/ We explored a growing question: when AI makes choices for us… who carries the legal responsibility? Since then, a first major clash has erupted, between Amazon and Perplexity, over its autonomous agent Comet. 🛒 Amazon sounds the alarm ➡️ Amazon sent a formal cease and desist […]
Loss of Chance & Success Fees: The French Supreme Court Sets the Record Straight
When I was practicing as in-house counsel, the issue of “loss of chance” was constantly surfacing : whether a missed bid, a terminated contract, or a lost commercial opportunity. Arguing the correct qualification (certain damage vs. loss of chance) was often crucial for determining the compensation. On September 11, 2025 (No. 23-21.882), the Third Civil Chamber […]
Doctolib, €4.6M fine: sanctioning a national champion… legal rigor or strategic shortsightedness?
For years, Doctolib was presented as the model of a French scale-up turned essential service.Then, on November 6, 2025, the French Competition Authority issued a landmark decision (25-D-06), sanctioning the company for abuse of dominant position in the online medical appointment-booking market. A reminder that even for a national champion, compliance with competition law admits […]
Commercial relationships: when a partner depends on you… every decision becomes a legal risk
When I worked as in-house counsel, I saw the same scenario far too often:a commercial team proud of having “secured” a strategic partner, a procurement department satisfied with having negotiated “exceptional terms,” a management team convinced that the contract fully protected them.Then, months later, the shock: a claim, a summons, or a formal notice.The same […]
AI in e-commerce: when it chooses for us… who bears the responsibility?
AI has slipped into every stage of the purchasing journey: instant recommendations, intelligent filters, automated comparison tools, conversational engines…And with the arrival of Atlas, OpenAI’s browser capable of observing, remembering, and suggesting, the line between assistance and automated decision-making is thinner than ever. But one essential question remains:👉 When an AI influences a consumer’s choices, […]
LLC, Holding, Corporation… No matter the structure, when there’s mismanagement, the wall hits just as hard
Throughout my career, I’ve often heard the same confident statement: “I’m protected. I have a holding company, my liability is limited.”. In reality and jurisprudence prove otherwise. A recent ruling by the French Supreme Court (Commercial Chamber, Oct. 1, 2025, No. 23-12.234) serves as a powerful reminder. 💼 The case: a CEO ordered to personally […]
45% of answers are wrong: the study proving that AI hasn’t (yet) learned rigor
📊 A study that cools the hypeA large-scale analysis conducted by the BBC, the European Broadcasting Union, and several European public media outlets has revealed a troubling fact: nearly one out of every two answers generated by large language models (LLMs) — ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, Perplexity — contains a significant error. Out of 3,000 answers tested […]
Criminal Liability of Company Directors: When the Role Alone Is Enough to Establish Fault
A few years ago, I handled the case of a branch manager from one of my subsidiaries who found himself standing before a criminal court.No prison sentence, but a conviction nonetheless.A familiar scenario: poorly completed subcontracting contracts, insufficient compliance checks, and a subcontractor employing undeclared foreign workers.What was often described to me as “something that […]