When the Owner Already Knew: Why the Architect or Engineer May Still Be Liable at Project Acceptance

Lessons from the French Conseil d’État (Dec. 1, 2025, No. 503890 – Commune d’Orbec) Executive Summary A recent decision of the French Conseil d’État (Dec. 1, 2025, No. 503890, Commune d’Orbec) clarifies an important rule in public construction law: Even when a public owner is aware of defects before the formal acceptance of a construction […]